Blood-transfusion machine



Feb. 26, 1929. 1,703,389

W. G. COLES BLO-OD TRANSFUS ION NACHI-'NE IN VENT QR l iAITToRNEx/s' V method of sealing 5, perature of suction stroke,

eiect negligib Patented Febszs, 1929. ,l

G. 0l' ILDIBON,

TION, 0l' IADIBON, WISCONSIN WISCONSIN, ABSINOB.y T0 MADISON-KIP? CORPORA- A. CORPORATION 0F WISCONSIN.

BLOOD-TRANSFUBION MACHINE.

ppumionaiei iny o, inse. serial in. ioaais.

This invention relates to a pump for use Formed integrally with the frame member in blood transfusion operations and to a 6 is a vertical cylinder 10. This cylinder is such pumps against the inleakage of air, and of maintaining the temthe pump In prior devices diiiculty has een encountered, occasioned partly by clotting of the blood due to delay and cooling, and partly to inleakage of air into the pump on the with very harmful results, and the failure of automatic valves to notion, which makes it impossible to determine from the number of strokes of the pump the quantity of blood transfused.

The present invention provides a pump which is very easil cleaned and sterilized and all parts of which are accessible for inspection. The valve mechanism is absolutely positive in action.

The pump is rovided with means for sealing it against t e inleakage of air by the use of a saline solution which serves as a sealing bath. If any of the solution is drawn into the pump the (uantity will be minute and the e. By heating the saline solution to a proper temperature it serves as a heat reservoir to maintain the temperature of the pump at the o timum value.

A practical embo iment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of the complete pump device with certain portions sectioned to show the internal construction.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Figure 1. inits lowermost osition.

Figure 3 is a ragmentary view similar. to a portion of Figure 2, showing the position assumed b the parts after the plunger has commence its upward movement.

Figure 4 is showing how a counting plxlirtly to a detail mechanism associated with the pump is actuated.

The main frame member of the device is indicated at 6 and is provided with a bow member 7 and clamping screw 8 by which it may be fixed in position on an operating table, part of which is indicated by the numeral 9 in Figure 1. Any suitable clamping mechanism might be substituted.

during the o eration In this figure the plunger is shown v sli htly enlarged at its lower end and counter ored to form a tapered seat 11 against which seats the tapered end Aof a plug 12 which is threadedl at 13 into the counterbored end of the cylinder 10. A knurled head oiiers a convenient means for screwin the plu 12 up until its conical end seats in 11.

T e cylinder 10 is formed with a nipple 14 to receive the suction or inlet tube (not shown) and a diametricall arranged nipple 15 for the discharge tube not shown).

It will be understood that the usual tubing and transfusion needles will be used by the surgeon conducting the operation. The nipples 14 and 15 are provided with passages 16 and 17, which are aligned with each other.

So far as the operation of the pump is concerned the might be otherwise arranged but there isla einite advantage in the alignment, as it permits inspection of the passages 16 and 17 from end to end. The upper end of the cylinder 10 merges into a Haring 'cup or reservoir 18 which is used to maintain a sealing bath of saline solution around the piston or plunger 20, wherethis emerges from the cylinder 10.

The plunger 20 is formed on its surface with two longitudinally extending grooves, one of which, 21, is the inlet port and the other of which, 22, is the outlet port.

The plunger 20 is not only reciprocated vertically but it is also oscillated about its longitudinal axis so that on its 11p-stroke the inlet gort 21 registers with the inlet passage 16 an on 'the down-stroke the outlet port 22 registers with the outlet passage 17.

It is obvious fromV an inspection of Figures 2 and 3 that only one of the ports 21 or 22 can register' with the passages 16 and 17 respectively at one time. The plunger 2O is reciprocated and iven a timed oscillation by means of an o lique eccentric, and the parts are so mounted that the drive mechanism may be readily dismounted in such a way that the plunger 20 may be Withdrawn from the cylinder 10 for cleaning and sterilizing.

In the upper a bearing 23 is end ofthe frame member 6 formed for a shaft 24, on

which there is fixed an ordinary hand crank 25. The shaft 24 projects through the bearing 23 and overhan the plunger 20. Above such plunger, sha t 24 carries a sleeve 26 and an eccentric disk 27, both of which are held against rotation on the Shaft by a removable key 28. rlhe sleeve 26, eccentric disk 27, and key 28 are all held in place by a knurled nut 29 which is threaded on a re-i duced end 30 of shaft 24, as indicated in Figure 1. The nut 29 thus seats against a shoulder 31 on the shaft 24 and the necessary clearance is thus preserved to permit the free rotation of the shaft 24 in its bearing 23.

l Formed on the sleeve 26 is an oblique eccentric channel 32 in which runs a strap made up of a lll-shaped member 33 and an insert 34 which is held between the branches :of the lll-shaped member 33 by means of an inserted pin 35. rlhe member 33 carries aligned trunnions 36 on which are journaled the arms of a yoke or fork. rlhis fork is made up of a pair of blocks 37 each havin a bearing to receive a corresponding one o the trunnions 36 and a pair of sheet metal stampings 38 which embrace the'blocks 37 and are riveted thereto as indicated at 39. The stampings 38 are formed with bearings 40 to receive the aligned trunnions 41. These are formed on a member ,t which comprises the floating ele'- ment of a Hookes joint. On this member are two other` aligned trunnions 42 which are perpendicular to the trunnions 41. Trunnions 42 are journaled in bearin s formed in the upper end of plunger 20, which is forked as indicated at 43. v

There is thus a universal connection between the plunger 20 and the yoke made up of the members 37 and 38. This yoke is in turn pivotally connected to the eccentric strap 33, 34. The eccentric 32 as it rotates, imparts a'cyclic rotary oscillation and longitudinally reciprocation to the plunger 20. By properly choosing eccentricity and angularity of the eccentric 32 the desired ranges of motion are secured for plunger 20. The Obliquity lof the eccentric 'determines the degree of rotary oscillation impartedv to the plunger 20, and the ports 21 and 22 are so spaced as to register with the ports 16 and 17, on the up and down strokes', respectively.

The effect is to produce a pump in which the valves are positively actuated in a xed time relation to the oscillations of the lunger. There consequently can be no fail ure of any valve to open or close at the proper time.

The eccentric 27 operates, through a lever 44, the shaft 45 of a ratchet driven counter 47 iounted on the upper end of the frame memer 6. t'

.It will be observed that the effective displacement of the pump per stroke is absolutely fixed and the counter therefore will give a correct indication ofthe amount of blood deditions for the operation may be had and Y maintained.

To clean the pump the nut 29 is removed, after which the shatt 24 may be withdrawn. This releases the sleeve 26 and permits the plunger 20 to be withdrawn from the cylinder 10. The removal of the plug 12 opens the cylinder 10 from end to end for cleanin and inspection. Since the passages 16 an 17 are aligned they are also subject to thor ough cleaning and inspection. I

The groove ports 21 and 22are preferably made of semi-circular contour, so that they may be readily cleaned.

It will he observed that the threads on the plug 13 are isolated from the interior of the cylinder 11 by the sealing ofthe plug 12 against the seat 1]..

, Minor structural variations may be made without departing from. the spirit of my invention, and l do not limit myself to the exact embodiment shown except to the extent speci ed in the claims.

While 1 prefer the structure as shown, the sealing and heating bath might be used with any type of pump, and the receptacle which retains it may be variously located relatively to the cylinder. yFor sealing it is essential 1 that the joint be submerged. For heating it is essential that the bath be in heat conducting relation to the parts of the pump.

` What is claimed is:

1. The method of preventin harmful inleakage through a joint of a mec anical pump used in transfusion operations, whichconsists in submergin g said joint in a solution miscible lvlithlmt harmful e'ect with the transfnsed 2. The method of maintaining a desired temperature and preventing harmful inleak-y age through a oint of a mechanical pump used in transfuslon operations, which consists in submerging said joint in a heated solution miscible without harmful effect with the transfused blood.v

3. In a blood transfusion machine, the combination of a cylinder open at both ends and having an internal working surface which .is smooth throughout'its length save for inlet and discharge ports; means for connectin supply and discharge connections to sai ports; a closure for one end of said cylinder ada ted when in place to seal the end of the wor 'ng portion of said cylinder to preclude the existence of recesses or crevices open to the interior of the cylinder; a plunger mount ed for rotary oscillation in said cylinder, said plunger forming a seal with said cylinder by the closeness of fit between the two, said plunger being formed with grooved ports in its surface which coact respectively and al- 5 ternately with the inlet and discharge ports upon rotary oscillation of the plunger in the cylinder; a solution miscible without harm with blood passing through the pump; and

a receptacle or retaining said solution in position to submerge the sliding joint between 10 said plunger and cylinder. In testimony whereof I have name to this specification.

. WILFRED Gr. GOLES.

signed my 

